Caracteristicas dos vasos do xilema e perda de condutividade hidráulica de quatro porta-enxertos de pessegueiros
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55905/oelv21n7-068Keywords:
PLC, vasos do xilema, Prunus sppAbstract
A água é um dos principais fatores para o crescimento e desenvolvimento de plantas, sendo os vasos do xilema os dutos responsáveis pelo seu transporte das raízes até a parte aérea das plantas. A característica dos vasos do xilema do porta-enxerto pode influenciar a formação dos vasos condutores das cultivares copa, bem como a condutividade hidráulica da planta para suprir a eficiência no transporte de água. O objetivo desse estudo foi caracterizar os vasos do xilema de ramos de quatro genótipos de Prunus ssp., utilizados como porta-enxertos. Foi determinada a perda percentual de condutividade hidráulica, quantificando o número, o diâmetro e a frequência da distribuição de vasos do xilema em cinco classes de diâmetros (< 15; 15 – 30; 30 – 45; > 45 µm), estimando-se a condutância hidráulica teórica. Dentre os genótipos analisados, verificou-se significativa diferença no número e diâmetro de vasos do xilema, características que determinaram uma maior condutância hidráulica teórica (Kh) e a maior e perda percentual de condutividade em ramos de ‘Montclar’, que se mostrou mais suscetível a efeitos de embolia. ‘Capdeboscq’ apresentou a maior média de vasos com diâmetro inferior a 15 μm e junto com ‘Okinawa’ apresentaram as menores médias de Kh e de PLC nos ramos. Ambos genótipos apresentaram maior frequência de diâmetro de vasos de xilema entre 15 e 30 um, mitigando efeitos relacionados a embolia. As características dos vasos do xilema dos porta-enxertos podem ter um impacto significativo na capacidade de transporte de água das plantas, sendo importante considerar essas variáveis para selecionar e utilizar porta-enxertos em cultivos de Prunus ssp.
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